People talk about British guilt for the rise of Nazism. Or else they deny it, and stress what Britain did to defeat the Nazis.
I want to refine this discussion. Add a new term, Upper London, to make it clear that there was a solid political block than included most MPs, newspaper owners and the independent rich. These people have never been out of power, though from the 1940s till the 1980s they conceded much. Conceded things that are now declared ruinous or impossible, for as long as the Soviet Union was seen as a serious threat.

It is not the same as the idea of a deep state. The senior levels of police and military and civil service are in tune with it, but the core of the power lies with the independent rich.
It is also nothing to do with a corporation called Upper London, an advisory service that I found when I googled. I know nothing about them, but I assume they are just another consultancy. Not important enough to have a Wikipedia entry.
Anyway, here are a selection of relevant articles. Most of them speak of ‘Britain’ as guilty, because I only recently developed the idea of Upper London as a distinct entity. Or maybe one should say that I found a clear name for something I had always been aware of.
- Union Jackery
- What Churchill really meant by ‘The Few’. (It included bombing Germany.)
- How Churchill was Close to Fascism.
- Why Churchill Admired Mussolini.
- How the Tory Party aided Hitler’s Rise.
- Mussolini’s Links to the British Centre-Right.
- Hitler’s English Inspirers.
- The British Empire, the USA and Hitler.
- Churchill. (Book Review.)
- Liberalism From Cromwell to Lloyd George. (Modern Toryism includes a lot of this sort of liberalism.)
- The British Empire’s Accidental War With Nazi Germany.
- What Churchill really meant by ‘The Few’. (It included bombing Germany.)
- Britain’s 20th century wars.
- Raymond Williams in World War Two.
- Deaths Caused by Hitler.
- Mussolini’s Links to the British Centre-Right.
- Force-Labour Camps in 1930s Britain.
- ‘Bomber’ Harris in 1920s Iraq.
- Poppies and Butcher Haig (poem).
- Why the Left lost the Spanish Civil War.
- Orwell on Spain and Britain. Always against and with no positive ideas.
- Problems 42 – Tory Sympathy for Fascism in the 1930s

- Click to get the whole magazine as a free PDF.
- Or as separate web articles:
- Tories Made a Europe Fit for Fascists.
- Black Lives and Other Past Victims.
- Michael Foot on Tory Support for Mussolini. Extracts from a forgotten wartime book by former Labour leader Michael Foot.
- Orwell’s Review of Foot’s Work.
- Orwell on British Jews. This details widespread anti-Jewish feeling among ordinary Britons fighting the Nazis,
- Churchill in 1927 Praising Mussolini’s Italy.
- Fascism and Union Jackery. Mainstream British Thinkers Close to Fascism.
Also taking a distinct view of what Nazism was:
- Hitler: the 13th Chancellor
- How Hitler Might Have Had a Victorious Peace.
- Fascism & Social Nationalism. How it was a produce of failure by the Moderates
- Roosevelt on Locusts and Financiers. How he saved what’s now called a capitalist system, by having no respect for standard capitalist values.

There is also the matter of who caused World War One. We in the Ernest Bevin Society have long argued that it was the British Establishment that planned to lure Germany into a great war that would destroy it as a trade rival.
- The British Establishment Planned World War One. Germany was winning in peaceful economic competition.
- Was the Brest-Litovsk Peace Unreasonable?
- Haig’s Command.
- British Distortions of German Motives in World War One. How Pan-Germanism was not what British writers claimed.
- The Morality of World War One. A US debate held in 1915.
- Was the Brest-Litovsk Peace Unreasonable?
- Parliament and World War One; Debates in Parliament. Posted Monthly: May 2014, June 2014, July 2014, October 2014, November 2014, December 2014, February 2015, March 2015, April 2015, May 2015, June 2015, July-August 2015, September 2015, October 2015, November 2015 (1), November 2015 (2), December 2015, February 2016, March 2016, April 2016, May 2016, June 2016, July-August 2016, September 2016, October 2016, November 2016, December 2016, February 2017, March 2017, April 2017, May 2017, June 2017, July-August 2017, September 2017, October 2017, November 2017, December 2017, February 2018, March 2018, April 2018, May 2018, June 2018, July-August 2018, PWW1 for 9/2018; PWW1 10/18; PWW1 11/18; PWW1; 12/18, PWW1 – 02/19
Also that Britain had not been a leading force for parliamentary democracy, as is now claimed. Parliament gained power early, but democratizing it took a long time. Incomplete even for the British Isles till the 1920s. Never seriously considered for the British Empire.
- British Democracy Began in 1884. Only then did a majority of British men get the vote. And no women till 1918.
- How the British Empire Blighted Britain. Much of the country has lost population since the 19th century.
- Needless Suffering in the 1840s Irish Potato Famine. Free-Market Dogma put ahead of human life.
- Britain’s Exterminating Sea Empire. Jews as ‘Collateral Damage’ in its fall.
- British and US Genocide.
